Figures:

A specialized in-situ/operando cell was adopted for Mössbauer spectroscopy testing. The in-situ/operando cell shell was made up of stainless steel. The high purity Be was used as window, and two hollow columns with a spring fit to form a pressure system. The in-situ/operando cell was assembled in the order of the bottom base, Be window, Al foil, target piece, separator, electrolyte, counter electrode piece, upper base, pressure system. The Teflon was used as insulator, and we use the screw to fix the whole cell, thus we can get a good-sealed in-situ/operando cell. Connecting the cell to the LAND battery testing system could make it realize charging/discharging process. To collect the Mössbauer spectra of target materials, we need to put the in-situ/operando cell into the center of the Mössbauer spectroscopy. And we can get the Mössbauer spectra of the target materials while charging/discharging if we control the two systems to work simultaneously. Meanwhile, the spectra collecting procedure could be set to work automatically and continuously, so that it can go through a long-time testing.

Applications:

The operando system can be applied in the lithium/sodium/potassium-ion battery of organic system for iron recognition, and also it can be applied in solid-state battery.